Diagnosis of a pubic lice infestation involves a visual examination of the hair and skin in the pubic region to look for eggs (nits) attached to hair shafts or crawling pubic lice. Physical examination may also reveal areas of irritation or skin lesions. Other areas of the body may be examined as well, including the armpits, legs, eyebrows and eyelashes, and facial hair.

A physician may make the diagnosis, or people can examine themselves or another person at home (in which case, a magnifying glass may be needed).

People who have a pubic lice infestation may also have contracted other sexually transmitted diseases. Additional tests may be necessary to diagnose other STDs.