Safe sex measures that help prevent the spread of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can reduce the risk of contracting syphilis. These include sexual monogamy, reducing the number of sexual partners and avoiding sex with higher risk partners (those with multiple partners or intravenous drug users). Abstaining from all sexual activity is the only way to completely prevent syphilis.

Latex condoms used consistently and correctly during every sexual act reduce the risk of syphilis transmission. However, condoms only protect the areas they cover. Syphilis lesions (chancres) in areas not covered by a condom (e.g., scrotum, vulva or anal area) can still spread the disease. Dental dams can minimize transmission during oral sex.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that pregnant women be tested for syphilis as part of their first prenatal care visit with a physician. People with risk factors for the disease or with multiple sex partners may want to be tested regularly. Every person should discuss the risks of all STDs with a physician.