Thrush is an infection of the mouth that most often occurs in people with compromised immune systems. It is also extremely common in children under the age of 6 months, but can affect anyone.

A fungus called Candida albicans – more commonly known as yeast – causes the majority of thrush infections. Small amounts of fungi are always present in the mouth, skin and digestive tract. However, certain factors such as illness, medication use or high glucose (blood sugar) levels can alter the environment inside the mouth or throat, causing Candida albicans to multiply rapidly and invade surrounding tissues.

Bad taste in the mouth and decreased taste sensation are usually the first signs of thrush. Eventually, thrush causes symptoms such as creamy, white lesions resembling cottage cheese on the tongue and inner cheeks. It can also affect the gums, tonsils, palate and lips. As time goes on, thrush may become more painful.

Thrush has a distinct appearance. A dentist or physician can usually diagnose the condition by looking for the characteristic white lesions on the mouth, cheeks and tongue. When the physician gently brushes away these patches, it will typically reveal tender, reddened areas that may bleed lightly.

In most cases, thrush is easily treatable and is not viewed as a serious health threat. Mild cases of thrush may be treated by eating unflavored yogurt or taking acidophilus capsules. These cases may disappear within 24 to 48 hours of treatment. Moderate to severe thrush can be treated with antifungal medications, which impede the growth of yeast.